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Organs Employed In Defence
Warrior Production Centre: The Bone Marrow
When atom bombs were dropped
on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, many people exposed to the radiation released
by the explosions died 10 or 15 days later from internal bleeding
or infection. Animal experiments conducted to explore what happened
to such casualties revealed that whole-body radiation kills the generative
cells in blood-forming and lymphoid organs. Without the cells responsible
for clotting and for fighting invaders, the body dies.6
The
factory of these vital cells is the bone marrow. The interesting
point is that many diverse products are produced in this factory.
Some of the cells produced here play a role in the production of
phagocytes, some in the coagulation of blood, some in the decomposition
of substances. These cells differ in function just as they differ
in their structure.
It is remarkable that a very special production
system has been established for many different cells that work towards
the same goal.
Here,
there seems to be an impregnable barrier for the theory of evolution.
This is because the theory of evolution claims that multi-celled
organisms have evolved from one-celled organisms.
So, how can coincidentally formed cells build a
system capable of producing new cells in the very structure they
have constituted? This is similar to thousands of bricks, which
have burst into the air as a result of an explosion at a brick factory,
having fallen down on top of each other by chance and, in the process,
making a brand new building. Moreover, in this building there must
also be another factory to build new bricks.
It has to be remembered that the creation of a
human body is a million times superior to that of a building. The
cell, which is the building block of the body, has a design too
perfect to be compared with any man-made product. This analogy between
the cell and the brick has simply been made in order to clarify
how deceitful the hypothesis of evolutionists is.
The Faculty in Us: The Thymus
On
biological examination, the thymus would seem to be an ordinary organ
without any particular function. The work it does, however, when studied
in detail, is quite unbelievable.
In the thymus, the lymphocytes get some sort of
training. No, you have not misread this. The cells receive training
in the thymus.
Training is an information transfer, which can
be exercised on beings with a certain level of intelligence. So
there is an important point that needs mention here. What gives
the training is a lump of meat, which is the thymus, and what receives
it is a miniscule cell. In the last analysis, both are unconscious
beings.
At the end of this training, lymphocytes are equipped
with a very important body of information. They learn to identify
the particular characteristics of the cells in the body. In some
sense, the lymphocytes are taught the identities of the body cells.
Finally, these cells leave the thymus loaded with information.
Thus, as the lymphocytes function in the body,
they do not attack the cells, the identity of which they have been
taught. Any other cell or foreign matter is attacked and destroyed
by them.
For
years, the thymus was considered to be a vestigial organ by evolutionist
scientists and used as so-called evidence for evolution. In recent
years, however, it has been revealed that this organ constitutes
the wellspring of our defence system. After this was understood,
evolutionists, who once proclaimed the thymus to be a vestigial
organ, now advanced a totally opposite theory for the same organ.
They claimed that the thymus did not exist before, and originated
through gradual evolution. They still maintain that the thymus formed
in a longer evolutionary period than many organs. However, without
the thymus, or without its being fully developed, T cells could
not have learned to identify the enemy and the defence system would
not have functioned. Someone without such a system would not survive.
Even your reading this sentence now is proof that the thymus was
not created through a long evolutionary process, but has always
existed, perfect and intact in all respects, since the advent of
the first human being.
A Versatile Organ: The Spleen
Another
wondrous element of our defence system is the spleen. The spleen is
made up of two parts: red pulp and white pulp. The fresh lymphocytes
produced in the white pulp are first transferred to the red pulp and
then join in the blood stream. A detailed study of the operations
carried out in this organ, which is dark red in colour and located
high up the abdomen reveals an extraordinary picture. Its quite difficult
and complicated functions are what make it so wonderful and extraordinary.
The duties of the spleen, such as contributing
to cell production, phagocytosis, conservation of red blood cells,
and immunity construction, are at least as important as they are
difficult. Certainly, the spleen is a lump of meat just like all
our other organs. Yet it displays a performance and a degree of
intelligence unexpected from a lump of meat. It organizes everything,
not allowing any problems to occur, and works without rest. Indeed,
the spleen works strenuously for the human from the moment of his
birth, and continues its function as long as Allah wills.
Cell Production
The bone marrow of the baby in the mother's womb is
not entirely able to fulfill its function of producing blood cells.
The bone marrow can perform this function only after birth. Would
the baby be anaemic in the meantime?
No. At this stage, the spleen comes into play and takes control. Sensing
that the body needs red blood cells, thrombocytes, and granulocytes,
the spleen starts to produce these cells in addition to lymphocytes,
which is its main duty.
The spleen, however, is an unconscious lump of
meat. It is not capable of assuming such a responsibility. Besides,
even if it did, how would it be equipped with the required information
and components to produce the extremely complex cells and proteins?
Allah, Who created the human body, created the spleen in such a
way as to enable it to take on other responsibilities in addition
its own task when necessary, and equipped it with the necessary
stimulus and production systems.
Phagocytosis
The spleen contains a large number of macrophages
(cleaner cells). These engulf and digest old and damaged red blood
cells, some damaged blood cells and some substances that are carried
to the spleen through the blood.
There is a very important chemical recycling system at work here.
The
macrophage cells in the spleen convert the haemoglobin protein,
which is found in the composition of the red blood cells they have
engulfed, to bilirubin, a bile pigment. Then, the bilirubin is released
to the venous circulation and sent to the liver. In this form, it
can be discharged out of the body along with the bile. However,
the iron molecule found in the bilirubin which is about to be discharged
out of the intestines along with the bile, is a rare material which
is very valuable for the body. For this reason, iron is absorbed
back in a certain region of the small intestines and from there,
it first goes to the liver and then to the bone marrow. Here, the
purpose is both to discharge the bilirubin, which is a harmful substance,
and, at the same time, to regain the iron.
The bilirubin balance is crucial for our body.
This is because even the slightest problem in this system would
lead to serious outcomes. One of the best examples is that when
bilirubin goes above a certain level, jaundice develops in the body.
However, the cells in our body, as if they are aware of this danger,
discharge the harmful materials from our body with a great precision
while they select the useful ones among them and put them into use
once again.
Red Blood Cell Storage
The skills of the spleen do not end here. The spleen
stores a certain amount of blood cells (red blood cell and thrombocytes).
The word "store" may conjure up an image of a separate compartment
in the spleen that can be used for storage. The spleen, however, is
a small organ, and it has no space to use as a storage room. In such
cases, the spleen expands to make room for red blood cells and thrombocytes.
A spleen enlarged due to some diseases may also have an enlarged storage
space.
Contribution To War
When a microbial infection or any other malady develops
in the body, the body mounts a defensive attack on this enemy, prodding
the warrior cells to multiply. At such moments, the spleen enhances
lymphocyte and macrophage production. Thus, the spleen also participates
in the "emergency operation" that is launched at times when disease
could harm the human body.
Another Production Centre: The Lymph Nodes
In the human body, there is a police force and a police
intelligence organization scattered throughout the body. In this system,
there are also police stations which have policemen on guard, and
which produce new policemen when required.
This system is the lymphatic system and the police
stations are the lymph nodes. The policemen of the system are lymphocytes.
The lymphatic system as it stands is a miracle
performed for the benefit of mankind. This system comprises of lymphatic
vessels that are diffused throughout the body, lymph nodes that
are located at certain spots on these vessels, the lymphocytes produced
by lymph nodes, which patrol in the lymphatic vessels, and the lymph
fluid circulating in the lymphatic vessels in which lymphocytes
swim.
The system works as follows: The lymph fluid in
the lymphatic vessels spread throughout the body makes contact with
the tissues located around the capillary lymphatic vessels. The
lymph fluid that returns to the lymphatic vessels right after this
contact brings along some information about these tissues. These
pieces of information are transmitted to the nearest lymph node
located on the lymphatic vessels. If any hostile action has started
in the tissues, its knowledge is forwarded to the lymph node through
the lymph fluid.
In case any danger is sensed following the examination
of the nature of the enemy, an alarm is given. At this point, the
rapid production of lymphocytes and some other warrior cells starts
in the lymph nodes.
After the production stage, the new soldiers are
transported to the front where the battle is fought. These new soldiers
will travel from the lymph nodes to the lymphatic vessels through
the lymph fluid. The soldiers, which are diffused into the blood
stream from the lymphatic vessels, finally reach the battleground.
This is why the lymph nodes in the infected region swell first.
This shows that the lymphocyte production has increased in that
region.
Now, let us summarize the system:
- A special transportation system that covers the
length and breadth of body.
- Lymph node stations dispersed throughout different
regions of the body.
- The intelligence operation directed at the enemy
cells.
- Production of soldiers according to the results
of the intelligence report.
It is impossible for this system, which would collapse
in the absence of even one of its elements, to have originated by
developing gradually over time. For instance, a system with lymph
nodes and lymphocytes, but without lymphatic vessels, would not
be of any use. The system can work properly only if all its elements
are created simultaneously.
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Scientific American, September 1993, p. 65
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